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The biggest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is the nucleolus, sometimes known as numerous nucleoli. The site of ribosome biogenesis is its most well-known function. Nucleoli are involved in the synthesis of signal recognition particles and in the reaction of the cell to stress. DNA, RNA, and proteins make up nucleoli. They develop around particular chromosomal areas known as nucleolar organizing regions. Numerous medical diseases known as "nucleolopathies" can be caused by nucleoli malfunctioning, and the nucleolus is being researched as a potential target for cancer chemotherapy.

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