Discussions

ADC is a complex that conjugates cytotoxic small molecule drugs to monoclonal antibodies through a rationally constructed linker, which can selectively deliver effective cytotoxic drugs into tumors. Currently, the FDA has approved 14 ADC drugs for marketing, and hundreds more are in clinical trials.
In addition to overexpression in tumors, another important factor in the selection of ADC drug targets is the efficiency of endocytosis, which is necessary for drug release activity. The effectiveness of an ADC depends on the efficiency with which targeted-mediated internalization delivers payloads within tumor cells. The pathway and efficiency of ADC internalization are also closely related to the efficacy and design of ADC drugs. Because it is a vital factor in ADC linker selection for cleavable, non-cleavable, or pH/reduction-sensitive types, as well as whether the payload (or its active metabolite) can diffuse across cell membranes to provide a bystander effect, and whether it increases tumor killing-rates or contributes to dose-limiting toxicity. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the endocytosis and mechanism of ADC. Multiple endocytosis pathways have overlapping aspects, so the general process of endocytosis is highly flexible, and complex, and can be divided into three stages：(1) bud formation, (2) membrane curvature and vesicle maturation, (3) scission and release of the membrane into the cytoplasm.

Genome engineering models are essential tools, which are widely used in life science research, including gene function research, cancer research and drug discovery. In particular, in order to faithfully create human disease models, it is advantageous to develop a gene-editing technology that enables predefined and precise sequence modifications in the genome of a model organism. The Clustered, Regularly Interspaced, Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-associated 9 (Cas9) system has proven to be a simple, efficient and reliable approach for genome editing in zebrafish. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has proven to be highly specific, more efficient and easier to customize compared with other methods.

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology has revolutionized the way to create animal disease models. Scientists have used this technique numerous times to study the effects of certain genes on the mouse genome. And knockout mice provide impressive insights into the internal workings of the human genome because of the similarity between mouse and human and the effectiveness of CRISPR technology.

Deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) are the nucleoside triphosphates containing deoxyribose. dNTPs are the essential building blocks of nucleic acid molecules, and as such are necessary components of PCR mixes as no new amplified DNA could be generated without them. The four individual deoxynucleotides which make up a DNA sequence including deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), deoxycytosine triphosphate (dCTP) and deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP). In addition, the quality of dNTPs also critical for the success of many key procedures such as PCR, cDNA synthesis, qPCR, sequencing, cloning and DNA labeling.

Our ADCC assays can help you understand whether your biologics binds to the target antigen, activates immune cells through their Fc receptors, initiates cell death, or alternatively determines if Fc-silencing methods are effective. Our ADCC assay portfolio also includes surrogate ADCC assays using engineered cell lines that stably express the FcγRIIIa receptor to eliminate donor-specific variability and provide viable solution for validation of these complex assays.

Microelectrode array (MEA) is one of the most sophisticated and efficacious technologies for measuring changes in spontaneously-active cells, such as cardiomyocytes and neurons. With our decades expertise in the production of MEA test, we are experts in the development and application of MEA-based drug screening approaches.

Waymouth MB 752/1 Medium was originally developed for the cultivation of L929 cells in a serum-free environment. It has been widely used in whole organ culture, establishment of carcinoma cell lines from pleural effusions, and the growth of potentially tumorigenic cells.